中文摘要：

自摩托罗拉公司于1987年提出六西格玛概念以来，六西格码管理已逐渐成为质量改进的主流方法之一。尽管不少学者和咨询专家对实施六西格玛管理的成功关键要素进行了探讨，但都是基于理论分析或定性描述。本文在综述国内外相关研究文献的基础上，提出了实施六西格玛管理的成功要素概念模型，并通过调查问卷和利用结构方程模型，对中国制造业实施六西格玛管理的关键成功要素进行了实证分析。研究结果表明：领导层的高度关注，建立并实施合适的六西格玛战略，以顾客和市场为关注焦点，并通过有效的成果测量、评价和奖励方法，选择、管理和实施六西格玛项目是实施六西格玛管理的关键成功要素；同时，本文也分析了这些要素之间的因果关系。

英文摘要：

Six Sigma has been one of main quality improvement approaches since Motorola first invented Six Sigma in 1987. Many scholars and consult experts have discussed the critical success factors of implementing Six Sigma management, but most of them are based on related theories or qualitative analyses. In the paper, we first present the conceptual model of success factors based on literatures. Then we design the questionnaires and investigate China manufacturing enterprises those have introduced Six Sigma management. And finally, we analyze the critical success factors of China manufacturing industry implementing Six Sigma management by using structural equation and find that leadership and six sigma strategy, focus on market and customer, evaluation and motivation, selecting and managing Six Sigma projects are four critical success factors of China manufacturing industry implementing six sigma management. At the same time, the paper also presents the relationships between the critical success factors. The results are of important role in China manufacturing industry locating resources, eliminating waste and improving Six Sigma performance.