中文摘要：

阐述了工民建领域的大体积混凝土的特点；对工民建领域的大体积混凝土裂缝主要是由温度应力和混凝土的收缩变形引起的原因进行了分析；在设计阶段，从大体积混凝土的强度等级、配筋、约束等方面提出了一系列的优化方法，并强调了优化时应注意的一些关键点；从有利于提高大体积混凝土抗拉强度和提高变形方面对原材料进行了优选、对配合比进行了优化，特别指出：在大体积混凝土中加入乳化沥青等高分子材料进行优化，是从提高混凝土变形角度来控制裂缝，是目前大体积混凝土裂缝控制的一种新思路，必须引起高度重视；对于施工阶段，从原材料控制、施工方案的制订、测温、振捣等方面提出了一些具体方法；强调了优化的关键因素是人，要求设计者必须坚持走一条设计与施工相结合的道路，施工人员必须加强施工管理，落实好各项管理制度。

英文摘要：

The characteristics of mass concrete and the reasons for the cracks in mass concrete appeared in industrial and residential building are demonstrated.In mass concrete design phase, a series of optimizing methods in the areas of strength degree, reinforcement ratio, and restriction in mass concrete are proposed,and some pivotal points of optimizing are stressed.The raw materials and mix proportion are optimized in order to increase the tensile strength and deformation of mass concrete.A new method of controlling the cracks by adding emulsified bitumen into the mass concrete to increase deformation should be focused.In mass concrete construction phase,some detailed measures in the areas of materials, construction scheme, temperature, and vibration.It＇s stressed that the pivotal factor of optimizing is labor, the design must be conjoined with the construction of mass concrete,and the builders should strengthen the establishment and implementation of construction management system.