中文摘要：

MicroRNAs（miRNAs）是一类内源性的非编码RNAs,通过与编码蛋白的mRNAs序列配对,在转录后调节基因表达。将miRNA成熟过程中的关键酶Dicer完全敲除后,导致小鼠胚胎在发育早期致死。条件敲除或减效敲除Dicer,导致雌性小鼠的生殖缺陷。MiRNA在调节卵母细胞成熟、黄体发育、早期胚胎发育及胚胎着床等过程中起重要作用。此外,miRNA表达异常与多种生殖道疾病密切相关。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are endogenous 19-25 nt non-coding RNAs that play important generegulatory roles by pairing to the mRNAs of protein-coding genes to direct their posttranscriptional repression. Knockout of Dicer which is a key enzyme during miRNA maturation, led to death of the mouse during early embryo development. Conditional knockout or hypomorphic mutant of Dicer cause some reproduction defects of female mice. MiRNAs regulate physiological processes such as oocyte maturation, luteum development, early embryo development and implantation. The abnormal miRNA expression is involved in the diseases of female reproduction tract.