中文摘要：

近年来,生态系统服务的形成及其机制已成为生态学的研究热点之一.在2005年举行的千年生态系统评估之后,生态系统服务的衍生研究,如生态系统服务分类、评估、权衡与协同、传递和生态系统服务流等也迅速增加,使生态系统服务的研究步入崭新阶段.为更好地了解生态系统服务并加深对其的研究,及时梳理生态系统服务的形成机制很有必要,然而目前对这方面的研究仍未形成一个恰当的研究范式.本文在查阅大量中、英文文献的基础上,主要总结了近10余年与生态系统服务形成机制相关的研究;并从＂内因＂和＂外因＂两个方面出发,重点对生物多样性及人类参与活动在生态系统服务形成过程中所起到的作用进行分析和梳理,并提出了研究展望.

英文摘要：

In recent years, the generation of ecosystem services （ES） and its underlying mecha- nism has become one of the hot topics in ecology. After Millennium Ecosystem Assessment （MA） held in 2005, pertinent studies of ES, such as the classification, valuation, trade-offs and synergy, delivery and flow of ES increased rapidly. The research on ES has entered the new phase. However, to know ES better and explore much deeper, it is essential to disentangle the mechanism of ES ge- neration. Existing literatures indicate that there is still no appropriate research paradigm in this area. In this article, previous works both at home and abroad were reviewed. Then, literatures in recent ten years that directly related to the mechanism of ES generation were summarized. From two points of view, which were intrinsic and extrinsic factors, the roles that biodiversity and human-involved activities playing in the process of ES generation were emphatically analyzed, and the proposed re- search in the future was prospected.