中文摘要：

文章对水稻胚乳细胞发育过程、淀粉体和蛋白体结构特征与结实特性、养分输入胚乳细胞的途径、ATPase活性分布与水稻充实的关系、水稻强弱势粒胚乳细胞发育与其结实特性进行分析．提出进一步研究胚乳细胞发育及其超微结构与籽粒生理活性的关系，可从深入开展亚显微水平下强弱势粒背部维管柬结构、ATPase的活性分布、差异表达基因对结实特性的影响等方面展开研究．

英文摘要：

this paper dissertated the process of endosperm cells development, the structure characteristic and the setting feature of amyloplast and proteoplast, the route of nutrient entering into the endosperms cells, the the relationship of ATPase activity distrubition with grains filling, the endosperm cells development with the setting feature of superior and inperior grains. It previews the succedent research on endosperms development with the setting feature.