中文摘要：

选取巴塘高寒草甸设置封育及自然放牧样地,通过野外实地监测及室内试验相结合的方法,分析封育措施对植被群落结构及土壤持水能力的影响。结果显示：1）封育措施显著提高了高寒草甸植被群落总盖度及平均高度（p〈0.05）,增加了群落的物种丰富度、均匀度及复杂程度,植被群落中禾本科和豆科植物等优良牧草显著增加,菊科、莎草科以及有毒杂草类植物所占比重有所下降。2）封育措施丰富了高寒草甸植被群落垂直分层结构,退化草地垂直结构由一层增加至三层。3）封育措施降低了高寒草甸0～40 cm层面土壤容重,二者差异在10～20 cm层面最明显（p〈0.05）。4）尽管未达到显著水平（p〉0.05）,封育样地0～40 cm层面土壤有机碳密度均高于自然放牧样地。5）封育措施明显改善了高寒草甸土壤持水能力。其中,封育样地0～10、10～20、20～40 cm深度土壤饱和持水量、毛管持水量及田间持水量均高于自然放牧样地,封育条件下0～40 cm整个土层土壤饱和持水量、毛管持水量及田间持水量增加速率分别为1.4、1.9、1.7 mm/a。封育措施有利于退化草地生态环境的恢复,是遏制和改善高寒草地退化的有效措施。

英文摘要：

This is to explore the effects of fencing cultivation on plant community succession and soil water-conservation capacity in alpine meadow in Tibetan plateau. Grazing and fencing plots in Batang alpine meadow was chose in this research, and it analyzed the effects of fencing on plant community structure and soil water-retention capacity by methods of field monitoring and laboratory experiment. The results showed that： 1 ） Fencing measurement significantly enhanced the total coverage and average height of plant community （p 〈 0.05） ,increased the species rich-ness, evenness and complexity of plant community, and the fine herbage like Gramineae and Leguminosae plants in vegetation community was significantly increased, the proportion of Compositae, Cyperaceae plant and poisonous weed was decreased in some degree. 2） Fencing measurement enriched the vertical structure of vegetation commu-nity, the vertical structure of degraded pastures increased from one layer to three layers. 3 ） Fencing measurement decreased the soil bulk density of 0 -40 cm layer in alpine meadow, and the difference in 10 -20 cm layer was most significant （p 〈0.05 ）. 4） Although the difference didn＇t reached significant level （p 〉 0.05 ）, soil organic carbon content of 0 ~ 40 cm in fencing plot was higher than that of grazing plot. 5 ） Fencing measurement obviously improved the soil water-retention capacity, the soil saturated water content, capillary water content and field water content of 0 -10, 10 -20 and 20-40 em in fencing plot was higher than that of grazing plot. The increasing rate of soil water-retention capacity, the soil saturated water content, capillary water content and field water content of 0 40 cm in fencing plot was 1.4, 1.9, 1.7 mm/a, respectively. Fencing measurement is benefit to the restoration of ecological environment in degraded pastures, and it＇ s an effective measurement to contain and improve the deg-radation of alpine grassland.