中文摘要：

RNA干扰（RNAi），即由双链RNA介导的转录后基因沉默的现象，已成为分析原生动物基因功能的有效手段。现对应用RNAi研究原生动物微管蛋白的功能和基体组装、纤毛虫大核基因组重排、纤毛虫刺丝泡的发生和作用、端粒酶及细胞周期蛋白的功能等方面进行综述。

英文摘要：

RNA interference （RNAi）, triggered by double stranded RNA （dsRNA）, was the post-transcriptional gene silencing （PTGS） based on sequence-specific degradation of mRNA. It had been proved to be an efficient method for analyzing gene functions in protozoa. In this paper, we reviewed the RNAi methods and their main research progress in cell and molecular biology of protozoa which focused on the assembly of base body and functions of tubulins, cyclins and telomerase, gene rearrangement and exocytosis of the trichocyst of the ciliated protozoa.