中文摘要：

为了开发适用于船舶机舱含油污水处理用的吸附剂,研究了以酚醛树脂为碳源、氢氧化钾为活化剂和以蔗糖为碳源、磷酸为活化剂制备活性炭的工艺。通过单因素优化法,对比了剂料比（氢氧化钾质量/酚醛树脂质量、磷酸质量/蔗糖质量）、活化温度、活化时间变化对制备试样乳化油动态吸附性能和静态吸附容量的影响。结果表明,在剂料比和活化温度分别取4∶1和2.5∶1、650℃和550℃时,经2 h活化,制备试样的比表面积和中孔容积比率分别为1402 m~2/g和1005 m~2/g、76.4%和64.7%,对乳化油的最大吸附量约71.1 mg/g和57.6 mg/g。由氢氧化钾活化法制备的活性炭更适用于船舶机舱含油污水的处理。

英文摘要：

In observation of developing the absorbent for ship＇s oily water, comparison studies were con-ducted on two kinds of activated carbons respectively synthesized by phenolic resi^potassium hydrate and su- crose/phosphoric acid. Single factor optimization method was employed to evaluate the effect of variation of the mass ratio of phenolic resin/potassium hydrate and sucrose/phosphoric acid,the heating temperature and duration on the adsorption capacity of the emulsified oil on the prepared samples. It shows that, where the mass ratio and heating temperature were respectively selected as 4： 1 and 2. 5： 1, 650 ℃ and 550 ℃ for phe-nolic resi,potassium hydrate and sucros,phosphoric acid, the specific surface area and the ratio of the me- soporous volume of the prepared samples amounted to 1402 m2/g and 1005 m 2 /g, 76.4% and 64. 7%. Re-sults also reveal that the maximum adsorption capacity was about 71. 1 mg^g and 57. 6 mg/g for the sample prepared by potassium hydrate and phosphoric acid. It suggests that the performance of the sample prepared by potassium hydrate is better than that from phosphoric acid in terms of application on board a ship.