中文摘要：

圆锥花序建筑学是仔细与产量有关形成。qPE9-1 基因被证明了广泛地在产量很高的米饭栽培变种开发被过去常，授与在装饰用的梨树米饭的直立的圆锥花序特性。最近， qPE9-1 成功地被克隆；然而，谷物产量上的基因效果还每直立的圆锥花序等位基因 qPE9-1 的植物是争论的。在现在的学习，低垂的圆锥花序父母 Nongken 57，带 qpe9-1 等位基因，被用作周期性父母到连续地回交到从双 haploid (DH ) 的一根典型直立的圆锥花序线人口(Wuyunjing 8/Nongken 57 ) ，它以前被显示带 qPE9-1 等位基因。因此，一双 near-isogenic 线(无) 被开发。在无之间的农学的特点的比较证明当 qpe9-1 被 qPE9-1 代替时，圆锥花序建筑学从低垂树立被改变；而且，圆锥花序长度，植物高度， 1000 谷物重量和 tillers 显著地被减少，因而在 30% 每植物导致谷物产量的戏剧的减少。因此，我们断定 qPE9-1 是控制圆锥花序建筑学的一个主要因素，并且 qPE9-1 有多种的自然，与每植物的谷物产量上的否定效果。这结果强烈建议直立的圆锥花序等位基因 qPE9-1 应该在产量很高的繁殖实践和另外的有利基因被使用。另外，吃并且煮质量上的 qPE9-1 的效果也在现在的学习被讨论。

英文摘要：

Panicle architecture is closely related to yield formation. The qPE9-1 gene has been proved to be widely used in high-yield rice cultivar developments, conferring erect panicle character in japonica rice. Recently, qPE9-1 has been successfully cloned; however, the genetic effect on grain yield per plant of the erect panicle allele qPE9-1 is controversial yet. In the present study, a drooping panicle parent Nongken 57, carrying qpe9-1 allele, was used as recurrent parent to successively backcross to a typical erect panicle line from the double haploid （DH） population （Wuyunjing 8/Nongken 57）, which was previously shown to carry qPE9-1 allele. Thus a pair of near-isogenic lines （NILs） was developed. The comparison of agronomic traits between the NILs showed that, when qpe9-1 was replaced by qPE9-1, the panicle architecture was changed from drooping to erect; moreover, the panicle length, plant height, 1000-grain weight and the tillers were significantly decreased, consequently resulting in the dramatic decrease of grain yield per plant by 30%. Therefore, we concluded that the qPE9-1 was a major factor controlling panicle architecture, and qPE9-1 had pleiotropic nature, with negative effects on grain yield per plant. This result strongly suggests that the erect panicle allele qPEg-1 should be used together with other favorable genes in the high-yield breeding practice. In addition, the effect of qPE9-1 on eating and cooking quality was also discussed in the present study.