中文摘要：

背景：椎间盘退化是古老而常见的临床疾病之一,其发病机制复杂,受到环境和基因等多种因素影响,其发病的机制仍然存在很大的争议。由于技术的局限性,以往研究对于椎间盘退化分子机制的探讨仍然不够深入,而近年来分子机制研究的有了长足的发展。目的：通过文献检索分析总结并讨论椎间盘退化的分子机制,为其有效治疗提供基础。方法：由第一作者用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库和Medline数据库,检索时间：2005年至2015年,检索词分别为＂椎间盘、退化、分子机制、环境因素、基因、基质、降解酶、炎症因子、生化环境、治疗＂和＂intervertebral disc degeneration,molecular mechanism,environmental factors,Genes,matrix,degradation enzyme,inflammatory factor,biological environment,treatment＂,语言分别设定为中文和英文。围绕椎间盘退化的机制,从基因、细胞衰老与凋亡、降解酶与基质和炎性细胞因子等方面进行总结,探讨椎间盘退化的发生机制以及可能的有效方式。结果与结论：共检索到153篇文章,按纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选,共纳入52篇文章。结果表明独特的结构和生化特性使得椎间盘易于发生退化。传统的观念认为环境因素（如职业、吸烟）是诱发椎间盘退化的主要因素,而目前越来越多的研究证明基因对椎间盘退化的影响才是最重要的。细胞外基质生成减少,降解酶增加,炎症因子的过表达共同造成椎间盘整体结构的破坏,加速椎间盘退化进程。椎间盘退化的有效治疗需要对其分子机制有详细的理解。尽管目前对于椎间盘退化的分子媒介有了进一步认识,椎间盘内复杂的生化环境对治疗仍是巨大的挑战。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： Intervertebral disc degeneration is one of the ancient and common clinical diseases. Its complex pathogenesis affected by various factors, such as environment and genes, is still in debate. Because ofthe technical limitations, there is still no deep understanding on the molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. However, its molecular mechanism in recent years has made considerable development. OBJECTIVE： To summarize and discuss the molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration, thereby providing the basis for the effective treatment. METHODS： CNKI and Medline databases were retrieved by the first author using computer to search relevant articles published from 2005 to 2015. The key words were ＂intervertebral disc degeneration, molecular mechanism, environmental factors, genes, matrix, degradation enzyme,inflammatory factor, biological environment, treatment＂ in Chinese and English, respectively. Mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration, involving genes, cell senescence and apoptosis, degradation enzyme and substrate, inflammatory cytokines, were summarized to explore the pathogenesis and possible effective treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Totally 153 articles were initially retrieved and finally 52 articles were included in result analysis according to inclusive and exclusive criteria. Unique structure and biochemical properties of the intervertebral disc are easy to cause intervertebral disc degeneration. Traditionally, environmental factors, such as occupation and smoking, are considered as the main factors inducing intervertebral disc degeneration; however, more and more studies have shown that genes have the most important influence on intervertebral disc degeneration. Declined extracellular matrix, increased degradation enzymes, and overexpression of inflammatory factors can all destroy the entire structure of intervertebral disc, and accelerate the process of intervertebral disc degeneration. Effective treatment fo