中文摘要：

为了定量描述三维受压剪切颗粒体系的力链结构，用离散元法计算了长为n个颗粒的力链数N。二者用以n为指数的函数拟合相关系数大于0.99，从概率角度分析了此规律，指出了拟合公式中常数的物理意义。统计了强法向力方向分布，计算了成链概率，讨论了力链随时间的演化规律。概率分布和判据结果、实验结果一致。力链提取方法可用于分析力链的断裂重组以及向位移链、剪切链推广。

英文摘要：

In order to obtain force chains of the granular matter in 3D quantitatively,numerical simulations of discrete element method are conducted on a compressed and sheared system consisting of 7 200 particles. It＇s found that the num-ber of force chains decrease in an exponential form,whose exponent is the length of the chains. Meanwhile the con-stants used to fit the exponential law can be explained in the view of probability. Although the number of the chains va-ries greatly during the simulations,the exponential law is unchanged with a correlation coefficient greater than 0. 99. The results are in line with experimental data. Furthermore,the method of extracting force chains can not only analyze chains’breaking and recombining,but also be extended to displacement chains and shear chains as well.