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道路对景观格局和土壤侵蚀的影响——以云南省凤庆县为例

期刊名称：土壤通报
时间：0
页码：169-173
语言：中文
分类：S157[农业科学—土壤学;农业科学—农业基础科学]
作者机构：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目面上（40871237）; 重点项目（50939001）; 十一五支撑项目（2008BAB38B02）
相关项目：西部典型生态脆弱区道路网络演变及区域生态效应

关键词：景观格局, 土壤侵蚀, 道路, 凤庆县, Landscape pattern, Soil erosion, Road, Fengqing County

中文摘要：

道路的大规模建设对生态系统的影响巨大,影响着居民的分布格局和周围土地利用的变化,对生态过程产生直接或是间接的影响。在不同等级缓冲区内,景观格局、土地利用以及土壤侵蚀可能存在较大的时空差异。本文以云南省凤庆县为例,利用GIS和RS技术,研究1994年和2004年道路影响下的景观格局和土壤侵蚀变化规律。结果表明：1994年到2004年期间,凤庆县林地、水域减少,减少百分比分别是23%和0.14%,耕地、草地和建设用地增加,增加百分比是17%、6.5%、0.03%;不同等级道路缓冲区内,所有等级道路周围林地减少,耕地增加,省干线周围林地、草地减少,斑块密度、破碎度和分离度指数变化较大;低等级道路周围土壤侵蚀模数较大,省干线周围土壤侵蚀模数增加最大,对以后周围生态环境景观格局、土壤侵蚀产生深远影响。

英文摘要：

Road construction on a large scale has a tremendous impact on ecosystem,affecting the distribution pattern of the residents and surrounding land use changes,having directly or indirectly influence on ecological processes.Great spatio-temporal variation in landscape pattern,land use,and soil erosion may exist with different level road zones.The paper presented the landscape pattern and distribution of soil erosion under the influence of road,taking a case study of Fengqing County,Southwest China for two periods of 1994 and 2004.Along the different level roads classified as trunk,county,town,village,and unpaved road,the 1000 meters buffers were developed using GIS.Results showed that from 1994 to 2004,the areas of woodland and water reduced by percentages at 23% and 0.14% separately,and that of arable land,meadow,construction land increased by percentages at 17%,6.5%,0.03% separately.The area of woodland reduced around all the road buffers,which of arable land increased,while the areas of woodland and meadow decreased along the trunk road,and patch density,fragmentation index,isolation index changed greatly.The soil erosion along lower level roads were more severe,while which along the trunk road had increased greatly,that means the higher level road may have far-reach impacts on surround landscape and soil erosion.