中文摘要：

以淮南市小学及幼儿园地表灰尘为研究对象,测定灰尘重金属（Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、V和Zn）含量,采用TCLP（Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure）法提取灰尘中重金属有效态含量,并进行生态风险评价.结果表明,淮南市小学及幼儿园不同校园灰尘Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、V和Zn平均含量分别为10.46、86.69、35.94、31.54、97.29、49.25、348.77 mg·kg^-1,除Co和V外其他重金属含量均超过安徽省和淮南市土壤环境背景值.煤炭开采、运输、燃煤发电、工业污染和交通污染造成淮南市校园灰尘重金属存在不同程度的累积.楼道灰尘中Co、Cu、Pb和Zn污染程度远高于操场和街道灰尘,楼道灰尘重金属污染源不仅来自室内和楼层内污染源,同时还受到室外源的影响.TCLP法提取重金属Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、V和Zn有效态平均含量为0.52、0.58、1.60、1.12、0.67、0.65、35.99 mg·kg^-1,与标准值相比,只有Ni和Zn提取态含量超标.内梅罗综合污染平均指数为1.204,为轻污染级别,淮南市校园灰尘重金属绝大部分对生态环境不存在风险胁迫.

英文摘要：

Taking the campus dusts of the primary schools and kindergartens in Huainan City,the total contents of heavy metals（ Co,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,V and Zn） were measured by ICP-OES. The available contents in the dust were extracted by TCLP（ Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure）and subsequently their ecological risk was assessed. The results showed that the mean concentrations of Co,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,V and Zn were 10. 46,86. 69,35. 94,31. 54,97. 29,49. 25 and348.77 mg·kg^-1. Except for Co and V,the mean contents of the other heavy metals exceeded the environmental background values for Huainan and Anhui soil. Coal mining,transportation,coal-fired power generation,industrial and traffic pollution caused different degree of heavy metal pollution of campus dusts in the Huainan City. The pollution levels of Cu,Pb and Zn in the corridor dust（ LD）were much higher than that in the playground and street dust（ CC and JD）. The source of LD dusts was not only from indoor and corridor floor,but also interacted by the outdoor. The available levels of Co,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,V and Zn from dusts of Huainan City were 0.52,0.58,1.60,1.12,0.67,0.65 and 35.99 mg·kg^-1 based on TCLP method. In comparison to the standard values,only the Ni and Zn concentrations were high. The Nemerow comprehensive index was 1. 204 and the pollution level was light. Therefore,there was no ecological risk of heavy metals in campus dusts of Huainan City.