中文摘要：

根据蒙脱石晶层间水化模型,建立采用脱气纯水作为溶剂的蒙脱石相对密度计算公式,该式表明蒙脱石总比表面积和吸附水膜厚度越大,其相对密度也越大。同时对乙二醇饱和不同初始含水率膨润土,用X射线衍射仪测试了蒙脱石的晶层间距,发现其晶层厚度大致相同。对福建标准砂和高庙子钙基膨润土分别用煤油和脱气纯水2种溶剂进行相对密度试验,通过实测和计算相对密度值的比较,得到膨润土的相对密度值与溶剂的种类有关的结论,以脱气纯水作为溶剂,比用煤油测得的膨润土相对密度要大,验证了蒙脱石相对密度计算公式的合理性。

英文摘要：

According to the interlamellar hydration model of montmorillonite proposed by Forslind,an equation is established for predicting the specific gravity of montmorillonite at the end of the hydration process. When the solvent is pure water in measuring the specific gravity,the larger the total specific surface area and thickness of interlamellar hydration layers of bentonite are,the greater the specific gravity of bentonite is. The interlayer thicknesses of calcium bentonite from Gaomiaozi with different initial water contents and saturated using ethylene glycol were determined with the X-ray diffraction and were approximately the same. By comparing the measured and predicted values of the specific gravity of sand and bentonite using pure water and kerosene respectively,it was found that the solvent influenced the specific gravity of bentonite. The measured specific gravity using pure water is larger than that using the kerosene,which verified the rationality of the proposed formula.