中文摘要：

针对常用瞬态电磁脉冲测试手段的缺点,笔者给出了一种新型的球形偶极子电场传感器,并对其进行了仿真建模和分析。文中分别在时、频域研究了负载阻抗变化和传感器尺寸变化对其测试特性的影响,并直观地给出了传感器输出电压的波形失真情况及其频率特性。结果显示：传感器低频特性受其负载阻抗影响显著,而其高频特性受传感器尺寸影响显著。分析结果对球形偶极子电场传感器研制中的参数优化和选择具有一定的参考价值。

英文摘要：

To improve the existing measurement methods of transient electromagnetic pulse,a new kind of spherical dipole electric field sensor was proposed.The characteristic of this sensor,which is influenced by its size and load impedance,was simulated and analyzed both in time-domain and frequency-domain.The waveform distortion and frequency response of the sensor＇s output were directly showed.The results indicate that the low-frequency characteristic of the sensor is influenced by its load impedance,but the high-frequency characteristic of the sensor is influenced by its size.The results may benefit the parameters optimization and selection in the spherical dipole electric field sensor development.