中文摘要：

安庆铜铁矿床是长江中下游成矿带内重要的矽卡岩型矿床之-。本文对该矿床中的成矿流体进行了系统研究，分析了成矿流体性质、来源及其演化过程，探讨了成矿机制。流体包裹体岩相学观察显示，矿床中的包裹体类型有I型含子矿物三相包裹体（L＋V＋S）、Ⅱ型气液两相包裹体（L＋V）及少量Ⅲ型气相包裹体（V）；气成-高温热液期的透辉石与石榴子石中流体包裹体数量相对较少，以I型包裹体为主；而热液期的石英与方解石中流体包裹体大量发育，以Ⅱ型包裹体为主。激光拉曼探针分析和流体包裹体显微测温结果表明，成矿流体可近似地看作不饱和的NaCl-H2O体系。从早矽卡岩阶段至碳酸盐阶段，成矿流体经历了从高温（456．1—578．1℃）、高盐度（39．37％～54．58％NaCleq）向低温（112．3—312．4℃）、低盐度（7．59％-31．75％NaCleq）的持续演化。演化过程中经历了流体沸腾作用和岩浆热液与大气降水的混合作用，其中，早矽卡岩阶段的水-岩作用、沸腾作用与矽卡岩成岩作用有关，水-岩作用，而石英-硫化物阶段的沸腾作用与混合作用可能是铜矿形成的重要机制。氢、氧同位素研究表明气成-高温热液期的成矿流体以岩浆水为主，而在热液期中石英-硫化物阶段至碳酸盐阶段大气降水在成矿流体中的比重逐渐增大。

英文摘要：

Anqing copper-iron deposit is one of the most important skarn-type deposits along the Middle and Lower Yangtze River metallogenie belt. In this study, the ore-forming fluids of this deposit are systematically researched by analyzing their properties, and evolution, and discussing the ore-forming mechanism. The petrographic observation of fluid inclusions shows that inclusions of the deposit consist of I-type daughter mineral-bearing three-phase inclusions （L＋V＋S）, Ⅱ-type gas-liquid two-phase inclusions （L＋V）, and a few Ⅲ-type gas-phase inclusions （V）. Diopside and garnet during the pneumatolytic-hydrothermal period contain a relatively small number of fluid inclusions which are mainly I-type; while quartz and calcite during the hydrothermal period developed large quantities of Ⅱ-type inclusions. The results of laser Raman microprobe analysis and microthermometry of fluid inclusions show that ore-forming fluids could be approximated as an unsaturated NaCl-H20 system. From the early skarn stage to the carbonate stage, ore-forming fluids experienced a continuous evolution from high temperature （456.1±578.1 ℃）, high salinity （39.37%-54.79% NaCleq） conditions to low temperature （112.3-312.4℃）, low salinity （7.59%N31.75% NaCleq） conditions. During this evolution of water-rock interaction, boiling and mixing of magmatic hydrothermal and meteoric water occurred, respectively. The water-rock interaction and boiling in early skarn stage was related to the diagenesis of skarn. Boiling and mixing in quartz-sulfide stage may be a significant mechanism for the formation of chalcopyrite. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic studies indicate that ore-forming fluids during the pneumatolytic-hydrothermal period is composed mainly of magmatic water with an increasing proportion of meteoric water into the fluids from the quartz-suffide stage to the carbonate stage during the hydrothermal period.