中文摘要：

利用古DNA手段对考古发掘出土的人类遗骸进行遗传分析，是揭示当地古代人群来源的重要手段。我们通过克隆测序和PCR-RFLP的方法，从来自青海大通上孙家寨的约3000—3300年前和2000年前两个不同年代的牙齿样本中，成功得到59个线粒体高变I区和编码区的SNP位点的序列信息。之后我们将所得序列与来自亚洲大陆的34个现代人群共1833个个体和2个不同年代的古代人群样本的线粒体序列分别在个体和群体水平上作比较，结果表明这两个时期人群并不是一脉相承的。

英文摘要：

Ancient DNA analysis has been used to reveal the ethnic origins of ancient human remains. In this paper, we analyzed 59 human teeth excavated from two sites near Shangsunjiazhai, Datong in Qinghai, dated between 3000/3300 and 2000 years before present. The polymorphisms in the first hypervariable region and coding regions of mitochondrial DNA were analyzed using cloning sequencing and RFLE Results were compared with 1833 mtDNA profiles from 34 contemporary populations and two ancient northwestern Chinese populations at both population and individual levels. Our results showed that people who lived in these two different periods were not the same ethnic population.