中文摘要：

以云南汤丹某高碱性低品位氧化铜浸出尾矿为研究对象,采用NH3·H2O-（NH4）2CO3和NH3·H2O-NH4Cl缓冲液添加氧化剂浸出,考察浸出时间、反应温度、液固比、总氨浓度及c（NH4＋）/c（NH3）、氧化剂用量、氧化剂添加顺序、氧化时间等因素对铜浸出率的影响,得到该尾矿的最佳浸出条件。研究结果表明：添加H2O2（11.2 mmol/L）能充分氧化次生硫化铜矿,而对原生硫化铜矿的作用有限;在NH3·H2O-（NH4）2CO3中,当液固比为10：1,温度为40℃,加入H2O2的用量为0.3 mL/g,反应2 h,然后,添加NH3·H2O及（NH4）2CO3,c（NH4＋）=3.2 mol/L,c（NH3）=0.8 mol/L,继续反应4 h,铜浸出率达69.3%;在NH3·H2O-NH4Cl中,当液固比为10：1,温度为50℃,加入H2O2的用量为0.20 mL/g,反应2 h,然后,添加NH3·H2O及NH4Cl,c（NH4＋）=2.25 mol/L,c（NH3）=0.75 mol/L,继续反应6 h,铜的浸出率达70.6%。

英文摘要：

The leaching behaviors of the tailings of refractory copper oxide ore from Tangdan in Yunnan Province in various solutions were studied.The conditions of conventional leaching of tailings in ammonia-ammonium solutions were investigated.The effects of dosage of oxidant,time,total ammonia concentration,concentration ratio of NH4＋ to NH3,temperature,solid liquid ratio,oxidant feeding method and oxidation time on copper extraction were also studied,the optimum condition was gotten.H2O2 was adopted as oxidant and the concentration was 11.2 mmol/L.The results show that in NH3·H2O-（NH4）2CO3 system,the optimum leaching conditions are as follows： the temperature is 40 ℃,liquid solid ratio is 10/1,add H2O2 content is 0.30 mL/g,then adding to（NH4）2CO3 and NH3·H2O after 2 h,c（NH4＋）=3.2 mol/L,c（NH3）=0.8 mol/L,reacting another 4 h,the copper extraction is 69.3%.In NH3·H2O-NH4Cl system,the temperature is 50 ℃,liquid solid ratio is 10/1,add H2O2 content is 0.20 mL/g,then adding to NH4Cl and NH3·H2O after 2 h,c（NH4＋）=2.25 mol/L,c（NH3）=0.75 mol/L,reacting another 6 h,the copper extraction is 70.6%.