中文摘要：

以云南省6个典型自然保护区周边社区355户农户的实地调研为基础,建立自然保护区周边农户关于保护的成本收益评估指标体系,对保护区周边农户总体的成本收益和关于保护的成本收益情况进行计算,并对不同生计资本下农户的保护成本收益情况进行分析与讨论。研究表明：自然保护区建立后农户家庭的总体收益大于成本,但从农户因为保护区建立而产生的收益成本角度考虑,自然保护区也会产生一定负面作用;具体来说,农户对农地、林地利用的程度,农户房屋、通讯以及养殖资产的多少将对其收益的实现产生差异性影响,而农户担任村干部及其自身教育、健康等素质的提升则会对其保护收益的实现和保护成本的降低产生积极影响。保护区下一步需要继续巩固农户所拥有的传统自然和物质资本,重点发挥人力资本的优势,并且注重对贫困农户的支持和帮助,不断充实保护区周边社区农户的金融和社会资本。

英文摘要：

Based on the field research of 355 farmer households of 6 natural reserves in Yunnan Province, the paper established a benefit-cost analysis index system （especially based on protection） of farmers in pe- ripheral communities of natural reserves, summarized the general picture of farmers＂ benefit-cost situation, par- ticularly in terms of protection, which was then examined under different livelihood capital levels. The paper concluded that after the establishment of the natural reserve, while farmers＇ total income is higher than the cost, from the perspective of farmers＇ benefit cost of protection, the natural reserve also exerted its negative effect;to be specific, the utilization of farmland and forestland as well as the housing and breeding assets of farmers did cast different impacts on farmers＇ income realization.The higher the total income, the deposits and the subsidies of farmer households, the easier it is for them to realize their income. Besides, being the village cadres, the promotion of farmers＇ health and education also contributed to the realization of revenues and the reduction of costs.The natural reserve should continue consolidating the traditional natural and material capital of farmers＇ , supporting the poor families, and enriching farmers＇ human and social capital.