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中文摘要：
当前精神活性物质滥用和成瘾呈上升趋势,它既是一个严重的社会问题,又是一个非常重要的生物学问题.在我国导致精神依赖的活性物质主要是阿片类.精神活性物质作用的靶受体为阿片受体,非靶受体主要包括多巴胺受体、N-甲基-D-门冬氨酸（NMDA）受体和组胺等.本文主要论述NMDA受体和组胺受体等非靶受体在精神活性物质依赖发生发展过程中功能和结构上的变化,探讨精神活性药物成瘾的机制,研究和开发以NMDA和组胺受体为靶标的新药,为阿片类药物成瘾的防治开辟新的研究领域.
英文摘要：
At present, psychoactive substance abuse and addiction become more severe. It is not only a serious social issue, but also an important biological problem. One of the most abused substances in our country is opioid. The target receptor of psychoactive substance is opioid receptor and the non - target receptor mainly includes dopamine receptor, NMDA receptor, histamine receptor, and so on. This article mainly summarizes the functional and structural changes of these non - target receptors in the developing process of dependence on psychoactive substance, and discusses the mechanism of addiction. Furthermore, the research and development of new drugs that act on NMDA or histamine receptors as the target will open a new field of preventing and controlling opioid addiction.
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