中文摘要：

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为保护剂，乙醇为还原剂（醇／水体积比为9：1）制备了PVP—Pt／Ru双金属胶体，并用透射电镜进行了表征。以PVP—Pt／Ru双金属胶体为催化剂进行了邻氯硝基苯（o-CNB）和间氯硝基苯（m—CNB）的催化氢化反应。探讨铂钌物质的量比以及加入不同金属离子后对其催化效果的影响。结果表明，PVP—Pt／Ru催化剂的活性随着胶体中铂含量的降低而降低，而选择性增加；以m—CNB为底物时，Co2＋离子对PVP-4Pt／1Ru的修饰作用较好，催化剂的活性由0．098mol·s-1提高到0．123mol·s-1，对间氯苯胺的选择性由84．0％提高到92．4％；以o-CNB为底物时，Sn2＋离子对PVP-4Pt／1Ru的修饰效果较好，催化剂的活性由0．059mol·s-1提高到0．112mol·s-1，对邻氯苯胺的选择性由93．1％提高到100．0％。

英文摘要：

PVP-Pt/Ru bimetallic colloids were prepared using poly （N-vinyl-2-pyrroli- done） （PVP） as preserver and ethanol as reductant, and characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The bimetallic colloids were used in hydrogenation of o- chloronitrobenzene （o-CNB） and m-chloronitrobenzene （m-CNB） as catalyst. The effects of n（Pt） ： n（Ru） and various metal cations on hydrogenation results were inves- tigated. The results showed that the selectivity to chloroaniline （CAN） increased while the activity decreased with the increasing of Ru proportion in Pt/Ru colloids. For the hydrogenation of m-CNB, the catalytic activity of PVP-Pt/Ru increased from 0. 059 mol·s-1 to 0. 123 mol·s-1 , and selectivity to m-CAN increased from 84.0% to 92.4% by adding Co2＋ ion as a modifier. For the hydrogenation of o-CNB, the catalytic activity of PVP-Pt/Ru increased from 0. 098 mol·s-1 to 0. 112 mol ·s-1 , and selectivity to o- CAN increased from 93.0% to 100% by adding Sn2＋ ion.