中文摘要：

本文试图说明当前“地权分散化”、“耕地细碎化”和“规模细小化”的，卜农经济并非家庭联产承包责任制的产物，而是刚性资源禀赋条件下人地关系紧张的自然结果。农户家庭经营作为农业生产先天最适组织细胞必须得到坚持，但小农经济的先天性缺陷必须通过某种制度安排来予以调适。这一制度调适就是立足于家庭经营的现代农业合作社。但实践中各种“假合作社”很可能将这一制度安排引入歧途，本文详尽探讨了“假合作社”赖以存在的土壤，明确指出其并不是真正意义上的合作社，必须从根本上予以否定。论文进一步指出，现代农业合作社是一种弹性极强的组织形式，具有很强的向上和向下兼容性，可以包容“公司农场”、“公司＋农户”等多种组织形式，适应不同经济条件的需要，具有广阔的历史前景。

英文摘要：

This article attempts to explain that the present small peasant economy with the characteristics of ＂the fragmentation of land ownership＂, ＂small arable land＂ and ＂small scale＂, can not be the product of household contract responsibility system, but the natural result of tense relationship between man and land under the rigid conditions of natural resources. Farm household management, as the most suitable cells born for agricultural production, should be insisted on, but the born deficiency of small peasant economy ought to be adjusted and adapted through some institutional arrangements. Such institutional adaption is based on modern agricultural household co- operatives. In practice, various ＂fake co- operatives＂ are likely to lead the institutional ar- rangements to astray. We conduct detailed study on the survival soil of ＂fake co - operatives＂, pointing out that they are not true co - operative, and that we must deny them fundamentally. This article further point out that modern agriculture co - operatives are highly flexible organizations; they have strong upward and downward compatibility; they include various organization forms, such as ＂company farm＂ and ＂company farmer＂; they meet the needs of various economic conditions; and that they have broad historical perspective