中文摘要：

针对一艘在极地海域内以船艏破冰方式航行的运输船,进行了平整冰条件下船舶航行阻力的模型试验.试验测试以拖曳船模在冰水池内行进的方式进行,试验观测针对多种船速展开,观测内容包括：平整冰排在船艏前的破坏模式、冰排沿船体舷侧的破坏模式、碎冰沿船体的运动状态以及船体航行总阻力.试验测试中包含两种主要的冰况条件,即船体独立在平整冰条件下的航行和在有破冰船开道的航道碎冰条件下航行.试验测试结果表明,船体在平整冰中航行时,由船肩处引发的大面积弯曲破坏将导致极值阻力的出现;船体在碎冰航道中航行时,部分大尺寸的碎冰块在漂移过程中将遭遇航道边缘的阻碍而发生重叠,并将导致航道边缘冰排的再次破坏.此外,两种冰况条件下船体航行阻力均值与极值均随航速的上升而增大,而平整冰条件下的航行阻力整体高出航道碎冰条件下的阻力两倍以上.

英文摘要：

Two series of model tests were performed to investigate the resistance of a transport vessel navigating in the polar region. In the first test series, the model ship was towed with different speeds through an unbroken level ice sheet, while it was towed through an ice channel in the second test series. The failure mode of the ice sheet at different parts of the hull as well as the movement of the ice rubble along the hull was observed, and the resistance of the ship was measured. This paper provides a description of test techniques and experimental results. The results indicate that the large-scale bending failure of ice at the shoulder area would result in a maximum resistance. Under the ice channel condition, the overlapping of large broken ice pieces would lead to the re-breaking of the ice sheet along the channel. The mean and maximum ship’s resistances under both ice conditions were increased with the increase of navigating speed, and the resistances under level ice conditions were generally two times greater than that under ice channel conditions.