中文摘要：

以活性炭硅藻土基多孔陶瓷复合材料为研究对象，分别探讨了KOH、ZnCl2和H3PO4三种活化剂的作用效果．根据样品的碘吸附值、含炭量及比表面积确定最佳的活化条件，并采用扫描电镜观察样品的微观形貌．结果表明，三种活化剂中，ZnCl2的活化效果较好，其最佳添加浓度为20％（质量百分比）、活化温度为800℃、活化时间为90min，制得的活性炭多孔陶瓷复合材料碘吸附值为212．9mg·g^-1，比表面积为136．2m^2·g^-1，炭在活化过程中的得率为47．2％．

英文摘要：

The effects of three different of activators KOH, ZnCl2 and H3PO4 on the activated carbon -porous ceramics based on diatomite were discussed and characterized. According to the properties such as carbon content, iodine absorption value and specific surface area to determine the best activating conditions. The results show that ZnCl2 activator has better effect than the others. The most suitable ZnCl2 concentration is 20 % （ wt. ） and the best activating temperature is 800 ℃ for 90min. The corresponding activated carbon ceramics has an iodine value of 212.9 mg · g^-1 ; a specific surface area of 136.2 m^2· g^-1 and the carbon yield is 47.2% during activating process.