中文摘要：

以甲胺、烯丙基氯、NaOH、氯化苄和偶氮二异丙基咪唑啉盐酸盐为原料,合成了聚二烯丙基甲基苄基氯化铵（PDAMABC）,采用FT-IR、1H NMR和元素分析对其结构进行表征,并考察了其在氯化钠、氯化钾、溴化钾、氯化钙、氯化镁、硫酸镁和硫酸钠溶液中的粘度行为。将所得水相和低沸点馏分回用,二烯丙基甲基胺的收率从72.79%提高至83.41%;以水与乙醇为混合溶剂（V（H2O）∶V（C2H5OH）为1∶3～2∶3）,合成的二烯丙基甲基苄基氯化铵收率较高且水溶性好。PDAMABC的比浓粘度随外加盐浓度增加而降低。在0.1 mol/LNaC l溶液中,当其质量浓度低于0.031 25 g/L时,表现为聚电解质行为;质量浓度大于0.125 g/L时,表现为中性聚合物的粘度行为。外加盐对比浓粘度的影响顺序为：Na2SO4〈NaC l〈KC l〈MgSO4〈MgC l2〈CaC l2〈KB。r阴离子的屏蔽作用是导致比浓粘度降低的主要原因。

英文摘要：

Poly（diallylmethylbenzylammonium chloride）（PDAMABC） was synthesized using methylamine,allyl chloride,NaOH,benzyl chloride and 2,2′-azobis[2-（2-imidazolin-2-yl）propane] dihydrochloride as raw materials.The structure of PDAMABC was characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR and elemental analysis.The viscosity behaviors of the polymer in sodium chloride,potassium chloride,potassium bromide,calcium chloride,magnesium chloride,magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate solutions were investigated.The results show that the yield of diallylmethylamine increases from 72.79% to 83.41% by reusing the water phase and the collected distillate with low boiling point;the yield of diallylmethylbenzylammonium chloride is high and the product has a good water-solubility using the mixed solvents with a volume ratio in the range of 1∶3～2∶3 as solvents.The reduced viscosity of PDAMABC decreases with increasing the concentration of added salt.In 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution,it behaves as a polyelectrolyte with a mass concentration below 0.03125 g/L,and a neutral polymer when the concentration is above 0.125 g/L.The influence order of added salts is as follows：Na2SO4〈NaCl〈KCl〈MgSO4〈MgCl2〈CaCl2〈KBr.The shielding effect of anion to quaternary ammonium cation is the main reason for the decrease of reduced viscosity.