中文摘要：

为了系统、快速方便地测量五轴数控机床2个旋转轴所有的几何误差项,提出一种基于球杆仪测量的六圈法几何误差辨识方法.基于五轴数控机床几何误差模型分析旋转轴几何误差项对机床综合几何误差的影响,与平动轴9线法辨识原理比较,并结合球杆仪测量的特点,建立六圈法辨识方法.该方法根据旋转轴各个几何误差项的性质可辨识得到每个旋转轴包括垂直度误差和安装误差的全部10项几何误差.为了提高六圈法辨识精度,分析球杆仪安装误差对测量数据的影响,并用最小二乘法得到球杆仪安装误差,从测量数据中剔除安装误差的影响,仿真结果验证了消除安装误差方法的正确性.采用六圈法测量辨识机床旋转轴误差,并比较补偿旋转轴误差前后的测量数据,补偿后误差降低了50%到80%,实验结果表明,六圈法辨识精度高,系统性好,可以测量不同的旋转轴.

英文摘要：

In order to obtain all the geometric errors of rotary axes for a five-axis machine tool systematically and easily, a geometric error identification approach with ballbar measurement, six-circle technology, is developed. The influences of geometric errors of rotary axes on the integrated errors of five-axis CNC ma- chine tools were obtained based on the geometric error model. By comparing with the nine-line method of linear axes, six-circle technology was established due to the characteristic of ballbar. This approach identi- fied all the ten errors of each axis, including squareness errors and offset errors through analyzing the property of geometric errors. The impact of the set-up errors of ballhar was analyzed to improve the accu- racy of six-circle technology. The set-up errors were obtained using the least square method, and they were removed from the measured data of ballbar. He simulation validated that elimination of set-up errors is appropriate enough. Six-circle technology was used to identify the geometric errors of rotary axes for five-axis machine tools. The measured data with compensation of geometric errors of rotary axis were com- pared with those without compensation. The measured errors with compensation decreased about from 50% to 80%. The experiments show that six-circle technology is precise in a systematic way and can iden- tify different types of rotary axes.