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中文摘要：
在单个零售商和2个供应商构成的供应链系统中，主要供应商为不稳定供应商，后备供应商为稳定供应商，为降低供应风险，零售商选择稳定供应的同时向不稳定供应商提供支持。研究了主要供应商随机产能下，零售商对主要供应商的最优支持策略、零售商向2个供应商订货的最优订购策略以及2个供应商的定价问题。研究得出，通过对主要供应商提供支持，能够降低对后备供应商的依赖程度，强化供应商之间的竞争，改善零售商的利润。
英文摘要：
We study a two level supply chain where a retailer can source from dual suppliers, one of which is the primary supplier with supply risk while the other is the backup supplier. The retailer can exert effort to raise the primary supplier＇s reliability to mitigate the supply risk. Through a mathematical model, we characterize the retailer＇s optimal procurement quantities and improvement effort. The results indicate that the retailer can reduce the dependence on the backup supplier and raise itself profit by making effort to improve the primary supplier＇s reliability.
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New parametric prioritization methods for an analytical hierarchy process based on a pairwise compar
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