中文摘要：

将工厂提钾后的盐湖卤水作为提取Rb＋和Cs＋的实验用卤水,将萃取剂t-BAMBP的磺化煤油溶液作为有机相进行萃取。在萃取之前预先沉淀出镁并作为一种产品,在反萃前再多次洗涤分离出大部分的K＋和Na＋,最终使Rb＋和Cs＋得到有效富集和分离。研究油水相比（O/A）、水相的碱性（c（OH-）、K＋和Mg2＋的含量及洗涤油水相比（O/A′）对萃取过程的影响。最佳工艺条件为：1.0 mol/L的t-BAMBP磺化煤油溶液,水相碱性c（OH-）=1 mol/L,油水相比O/A=1：1。当用1×10-4 mol/L Na OH溶液洗涤萃取油相3次,洗涤油水相比O/A′=1：0.5时,铷和铯的洗脱率仅为10.5%。经过5级逆流萃取,最终铷和铯的萃取率分别达到了95.04%与99.80%。

英文摘要：

The residues of salt lake brine from which potassium had been removed were used to extract Rb＋ and Cs＋ together with a sulphonated kerosene（SK） solution of 1.0 mol/L 4-tert-butyl-2-（α-methylbenzyl） phenol（t-BAMBP）. Rb＋ and Cs＋ were enriched and separated effectively by precipitating Mg2＋ before extraction and by scrubbing out K＋ and Na＋ repeatedly before stripping. The effects of the volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous extraction phase（O/A）, alkalinity of aqueous phase（c（OH）-）, interference from K＋ and Mg2＋, and ratio the volume of organic phase to aqueous scrubbing phase（O/A′） were investigated. The experimental brine was extracted optimally by 5-stage extraction with 1.0 mol/L t-BAMBP in SK, c（OH-）=1 mol/L, and O/A=1：1. The scrubbing yield of rubidium was only about 10.5% when the extraction solvent was washed 3 times with 1×10-4 mol/L Na OH at O/A′=1：0.5. After 5-stage countercurrent extraction, the final extraction yields of Rb＋ and Cs＋ reached 95.04% and 99.80%, respectively.