中文摘要：

选取太湖源头和睦桥小流域为研究对象,通过90个点的土壤现场采样及室内化学性质分析,旨在揭示其空间分布规律及相关地貌影响。35个代表性采样点的分析表明,在山区小流域尺度上,多数点位土壤pH值介于4.03～4.62之间,近似正态分布,其空间变异较小,土壤全氮和全磷的空间变异居中,土壤有机质和碱土金属（钾、钠、镁、钙）的空间变异性最大。此外,土壤有机质和全氮还具有一定的空间关联性,相关性系数为0.49。地形地貌对土壤化学性质的影响程度不一：随高程增加,土壤中有机质和全氮的含量明显增加,而高程对土壤pH值、全磷及碱土金属的影响则较小;地形坡度对其空间分布的影响较小,而坡向对土壤养分的空间分布有显著影响,偏西及偏北方向的山坡中土壤有机质、全氮和全磷含量要明显高于偏东和偏南的山坡;最后,山坡曲率对土壤有机质的影响也很显著,发散型山坡以及凹型山坡的土壤有机质含量较高,沿山谷线一带土壤有机质的含量亦较高。

英文摘要：

This research focused on the experimental catchment,Hemuqiao catchment in the source of Taihu lake basin.By analysis of 90 soil samples and soil chemical properties for 35 samples within them,we aim to reveal the spatial distribution of soil chemical attributes and geomorphic effects on them.The results of this research indicate that in mountainous area the spatial variability of pH is the smallest,and it is approximate to normal distribution with its values range from 4.03 to 4.62,the variability of total nitrogen and phosphorus comes in the middle,the organic matters and four kinds of alkali earth metals（including potassium,sodium,magnesium,calcium） are the largest.There is strong spatial correlationship between organic matters and total nitrogen,and the correlation coefficient is up to 0.49.The hillslope geometries also have strong effects on soil chemical attributes.With the increasing of elevation,the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen increase significantly in the soil.However,the influences of elevation on pH,total phosphorus and alkali earth metals are relatively weak.In addition,the slope affects a little on the spatial distribution of soil chemical attributes in this study areas,while the aspect has a considerable impact on them.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the west are higher than the contents in the east,and the contents in the north are also higher than those in the south.The influence of hillslopes curvature on soil organic matters is remarkable.There are more organic matters in divergent or concave hillslopes,and more are in the areas along the valley.