中文摘要：

目的：研究西部农村居民卫生服务利用公平性及其影响因素。方法：采用对陕西省镇安县1545户农村居民入户调查的数据,利用集中指数分解法分析数据。结果：门诊和住院服务利用的水平不公平指数分别0.0440和0.1557,影响门诊服务利用不公平性的主要因素是1月患病情况,影响住院服务利用不公平性的主要因素是居民经济水平。结论：为了提高卫生服务利用公平性,建议政府部门采取措施提高贫困人群经济水平、缩小贫富差距,同时加强疾病预防工作、降低居民疾病患病率。

英文摘要：

Objective：To analyze the equity and influencing factors in health service delivery.Methods：Survey data of 1 545 households of rural residents in Zhen＇an County were adopted and the method of decomposition of concentration index is used.Result：The inequity indexes in outpatient service delivery and inpatient service delivery are 0.044 0 and 0.155 7 respectively.The main factors of inequality in outpatient and inpatient service delivery are illness lasting month and economic level,respectively.Conclusion：In order to increase equity in health service delivery,government should pay much attention to improving poor people＇s economic level and narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor,meanwhile,emphasizing on disease prevention and disease prevalence rate reduce of residents.