中文摘要：

基于福建省福州市9个气象站1960年-2010年的逐月降水资料,在年和季节的尺度上计算了福州市各站点的Z指数及区域旱涝指数,并根据Z指数的划分等级分析福州市的旱涝情况,讨论51年旱涝灾害和季节性旱涝灾害的变化趋势.在此基础上,运用Arcgis的反距离权重插值法,分析其空间分布特征.结果表明：（1）近51年间,从旱涝灾害的年度性特征来看,福州市发生区域性干旱或洪涝均无明显的时间变化趋势特征;从季节性特征看,任何季节都可能出现旱涝灾害,与实际气象资料记载情况大体一致;（2）从福州市旱涝灾害的空间分布来看,年尺度上无论洪涝还是干旱福州市东北部都是发生频率最高的地区,季节尺度上西南地区发生季节性旱涝的频率最低,而沿海一侧发生季节性旱涝的频率较高。

英文摘要：

Based on the monthly precipitation data from1960 to 2010 from 9 meteorological stations located in Fuzhou city,Fujian Province, this paper analyzed the drought and flood situation of Fuzhou, 51 years＇ s drought and flood change trends and seasonal change trends by calculating Z index of each meteorological station and regional flood and drought indexes and ranking the Z index. On this basis, using Inverse Distance Weighting interpolation of Arc GIS to get the result of temporal and spatial characteristics in Fuzhou：（1）There was no obvious temporal variation trend in drought and flood,and droughts and floods which could happen in any season, and this agreed with recorded data.（2）The northeast of Fuzhou City is the region which suffers drought and flood most frequently in a year; the southwest of Fuzhou suffered drought and flood mainly frequently in a season, but the coastal areas of Fuzhou city suffered with the highest frequency.