中文摘要：

地基微波遥感具有反演大气水汽的能力,其具有的高时间分辨率,为分析降水过程的水汽含量变化提供了新的手段.用2005年6～7月的微波反演的水汽含量,分析了张掖降水过程的大气水汽含量变化情况.结果表明：张掖甘州降水发生的前提是大气水汽含量需达到某一阈值（夏季为27 mm）,而且雨强与大气水汽含量在时间上呈同步分布,这种分布结构与中国东部季风气候区的情况存在差异,后者雨强的峰值滞后于大气水汽含量几小时.

英文摘要：

Atmospherical vapor content is one of significant meteorological factors. Its changs in distribution plays an important role in precipitation, radiation transformation and climatic variation. Ground-based microwave radiometer can be used to monitor the atmospheric vapor content, the radiometer provides an update measure for sounding vapor content, especially the high time-resolution data can be used to analyze the change of atmospheric vapor content in the course of rainfall. In this paper, the atmospheric vapor content monitored by ground-based microwave radiometer is analyzed for the change of atmospheric vapor content in the course of rainfall in Zhanye Prefecture, Gansu Province, China. The results show that the precondition of rainfall is that the atmospheric vapor content should exceed a threshold value, which is 27 mm at Zhanye Prefecture in summer, and the distribution between rain intensity and atmospheric vapor content should be synchronous in terms of time at Zhanye. The distribution of this region is different from the case occurred in the monsoon region of the eastern China, where the peak of rain intensity lags behind the peak of atmospheric vapor content several hours in that region.