中文摘要：

以淮南采煤沉陷区为研究对象,通过实验室测试分析,研究了沉陷区表层土壤（0~20cm）中pH、有机质、总氮、碱解氮、总磷、速效磷、碳氮比（C/N,质量比）含量与分布特征。结果表明：沉陷区表层土壤pH、有机质、总氮、碱解氮、总磷、速效磷、C/N平均分别为7.5、16.8g/kg、2.97g/kg、43.7mg/kg、76.6mg/kg、13.0mg/kg、3.4;未复垦区土壤呈中性,而煤矸石充填的复垦区土壤呈弱碱性;煤矸石充填复垦扰乱了沉陷区土壤中磷的分布,但提升了土壤速效磷含量和C/N;沉陷区土壤整体肥力较低,营养元素变异程度高且易出现矿化淋失。相关性分析结果显示,沉陷区土壤有机质与总氮、总磷、碱解氮均为极显著相关（P〈0.01）;使用逐步回归分析,分别建立了采煤沉陷复垦区与未复垦区表层土壤中有机质与总氮、总磷的回归方程,通过回归方程,依据土壤中有机质含量可估算出土壤中总氮与总磷含量。

英文摘要：

Topsoil samples （0-20 cm） were collected from Huainan mining subsidence area, the distribution characteristics and correlation analysis of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and C/N in subsidence area and reclamation area were researched. Results showed that mean contents of the soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and C/N were 7.5,16.8 g/kg,2.97 g/kg,43.7 mg/kg,76.6 mg/kg,13.0 mg/kg,3.4. The pH of coal mining subsidence area was neutral, the reclamation area was alkaliscence. Soil fertility of study area was in the low level, which indicated that soil nutrient elements were easy to leach, supplement to the soil fertility should be considered. Filling reclamation with gangue may disturb the distribution of soil effective phosphorus,but the content of phosphorus and C/N could be promoted by a certain degree of reclamation. The Pearson test showed that soil organic matter with total nitrogen and soil matter with total phosphorus were significantly correlated （P〈0.01）. The distribution of topsoil organic matter was synchronous with effective nitrogen. By using the linear regression equation, the content of total nitrogen and phos phorus could be estimated by the content of organic matter.