中文摘要：

时间知觉是人类的一项基本能力．日常生活经验表明时间知觉容易受到情绪的影响．但是在前人的研究中，这些影响往往伴随着主动注意和外显的运动反应．这里关注的是不伴随主动注意和外显运动反应的内隐时间知觉是否受到情绪面孔的影响．被试在主动完成一个由情绪面孔组成的视觉辨别任务的同时，被动地听一系列声音刺激．声音刺激的刺激启动异步时间（stimulus onset asynchmny，SOA）中，80％是标准SOA（800ms），20％是偏差SOA（400，600ms）．对频繁出现的标准SOA和偶尔出现的偏差SOA诱发的事件相关电位（event—related potential，ERP）进行记录．2个短的偏差SOA（400和600ms）引发了2个变化相关的ERP成分：失匹配负波（the mismatch negativity，MMN）和P3a．代表对无规律变化早期检测的MMN波幅受到了情绪面孔的影响．与愉快和中性面孔相比，恐惧面孔降低了MMN波幅．对于400ms偏差SOA，与恐惧面孔和中性面孔相比，愉快面孔增加了P3a波幅．该ERP研究提示听觉通道的内隐时间知觉受到情绪面孔的影响，恐惧面孔降低了内隐时间知觉的准确性．

英文摘要：

Time perception is a fundamental ability of human beings. Daily experience indicates that time perception is easy to be affected by emotion. However, the emotional influence was often accompanied by active attention and explicit motor response in previous studies. Here the question whether implicit time perception could be influenced by emotional faces is addressed. Observers actively completed a visual discrimination task of emotional faces （fearful, happy and neutral faces） while they passively listened to a sequence of tones with 80% standard stimulus onset asynchronies （SOAs） （800 ms） and 20% deviant SOAs （400, 600, 1 000 and 1 200 ms）. Event-related potentials （ERPs） were recorded for frequent standard SOAs and rare deviant SOAs. The two short deviant SOAs （400 and 600 ms） elicited two changed-related ERP components： the mismatch negativity （MMN） and the P3a. The MMN amplitude, which indexes the early detection of irregular time changes, was modulated by facial emotion. Fearful faces elicited reduced MMN as compared with happy faces and neutral faces did for the shorter deviant conditions, and happy faces elicited enhanced P3as as compared with fearful and neutral faces did. The current ERP study suggested that shorter time perception of auditory modality was affected by visual emotional faces, and fearful faces decreased the accuracy of implicit time perception.