中文摘要：

以两条或多条由生产商、批发商和零售商组成的三级供应链为研究对象,首先分别建立了两条供应链环境下零售商、批发商和生产商各级节点企业库存互补系统动力学仿真模型,然后把两链间库存互补问题扩展到多链间库存互补情况。研究表明,两条供应链各级节点企业间库存互补均能减少供应链系统的库存总量和总物流成本、减弱牛鞭效应、提高顾客服务水平,而且各层节点企业库存互补对改善供应链系统性能的优劣次序是：零售商库存互补系统〉批发商库存互补系统〉生产商库存互补系统。对于多供应链间库存互补问题,以两条供应链作为一个合作单元进行库存互补是占优的。

英文摘要：

In the context of two or multi-supply chains containing one manufacturer,one wholesaler and one retailer,the system dynamics simulation models of inventory replenishment between two retailers,wholesalers and manufactures were established separately firstly.And then,the models of two supply chains were extended to multi-supply chains system.It is found that the total inventories and logistics cost of supply chains were reduced a lot,the negative bullwhip effect is strikingly alleviated,and the service levels were improved in the case of cooperation of inventory replenishment between two supply chains.The order from high-quality to low-quality of inventory replenishment of the echelon enterprise was as follow：retailers inventory replenishment system wholesalers inventory replenishment system manufacturers inventory replenishment system.As for the multi-chains system,it was found that it was optimal to take two chains as a cooperative unit in inventory replenishment.