中文摘要：

将3种不同的Fe3O4@还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）–四氢呋喃（THF）复合磁性粒子分散液分别与聚氨酯（PUR）弹性体进行原位聚合制备3种PUR弹性体／Fe3O4@rGO磁性复合材料，并对其组分和分散状态进行了表征，系统研究了Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子对PUR弹性体磁性能、热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，仅掺入质量分数为0.5%的Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子可以显著提高PUR弹性体的性能。随着Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子中rGO含量的增加，PUR弹性体复合材料的饱和磁化强度逐渐下降，热稳定性和力学性能均逐渐提高。当复合磁性粒子中rGO质量分数为60%时，复合材料的力学性能最佳，拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和拉伸弹性模量分别为35.31 MPa，438.90%和86.42 MPa，玻璃化转变温度、最大损耗因子和在–60℃时的储能模量分别达10.64℃，0.41和3805.84 MPa。此外，扫描电子显微镜观察发现，Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子在基体中具有良好的分散性。

英文摘要：

Three kinds of polyurethane（PUR） elastomer/Fe3O4@reduced graphene oxide（rGO） composites were prepared by incorporating Fe3O4@rGO–tetrahydrofuran（THF） dispersion into PUR elastomer matrix using in-situ polymerization method. The components of the PUR elastomer and PUR/Fe3O4@rGO elastomer composites were characterized by XRD,and the disperse situation was studied by SEM. In addition,the effects of Fe3O4@rGO composite magnetic particles on the thermal,magnetic and mechanical properties of the composite were further investigated in detail. It is found that the Fe3O4@rGO composite magnetic particles have great effects on the properties of the composites. The magnetic,thermal and mechanical properties of the composites are all improved at low loading of 0.5%. At the same time,with the increase of the rGO amount in Fe3O4@rGO composite magnetic particles,the saturation magnetization of the corresponding magnetic composites decrease,and the thermal stability and mechanical properties are gradually increased. When the rGO content in Fe3O4@rGO composite magnetic particles accounted for 60%,PUR/ Fe3O4@rGO composites show higher mechanical properties,which the tensile strength,the elongation at break,the tensile elastic modulus,the glass transition temperature,the maximum loss factor and the storage modulus at–60℃are up to 35.31 MPa, 438.90%,86.42 MPa,10.64℃,0.41 and 3 805.84 MPa,respectively. In addition,Fe3O4@rGO composite magnetic particles have good dispersion in PUR elastomer matrix.