在试验条件下,测定了鸡艾美耳球虫兰州株的毒力,为进行鸡球虫病疫苗免疫和药物防治效果评价试验等研究提供攻虫剂量的选择依据。试验设空白对照组(NC)、不同剂量感染组1组~8组,共9个组,每组20只鸡。结果显示:(1)NC组、第1组~第7组(第8组全部死亡)相对增重率依次为100%、77.23%、77.02%、76.42%、72.86%、63.91%、67.19%和42.06%,其中NC组相对增重率极显著高于所有感染组(p〈0.01);第1组和第2组显著高于第5组和第6组(p〈0.05),极显著高于第7组间(p〈0.01);第7组极显著低于其他试验组(P〈0.01)。(2)空白对照组、第1组~第7组各组料肉比依次为2.01、2.21、2.24、2.29、2.33、2.78、2.94和4.06,呈现出剂量依赖关系,其中第7组极显著高于其他各组(p〈0.01);第6组和第5组显著大于NC组和第1组~第5组(p〈0.05)。(3)攻虫后第8d,每组剖检5只鸡,各肠段平均病变记分各组依次为0、1.79、2.33、2.54、2.63、2.5、2.67和2.8。(4)感染后排卵囊高峰期间,各组平均每克粪便中卵囊数(OPG)值分别为0、3.05×10^4、2.35×10^4、32.20×10^4、62.23×10^4、60.45×10^4、103.51×10^4和150.11×10^4(第8组除外)。(5)各组死亡率依次为0、5.O%、5.0%、15%、25%、40.0%、45.0%、95%和100%。结果表明:本试验所选用虫株均具有较强的毒力,每只鸡感染6个虫种每个虫种1×10^4个孢子化卵囊时,感染鸡生长严重受阻;感染剂量为6个虫种每个虫种2×10^5/只时,半数感染鸡死亡;6个虫种每个虫种3×10^5/只的感染剂量可导致全部感染鸡死亡,因此,攻虫试验时选择6个虫种每个虫种1×10^4/只~1×10^5/只的剂量为宜。
This experiment examined the virulence of 6 Eimeria spp. Lanzhou strain by infecting Jiahehuang female broilers at various dosages. Nine trial groups, including negative control group (NC) and 8 challenge infection groups (1-8) were tested. The average relative growth ratio (RGR) of 8 groups was 100 %, 77.23 %, 77.02 %, 76.42 %, 72.86 %, 63.91%, 67.19 % and 42.06 %, respectively. The RGR of NC group was significantlg higher than other groups (p〈0.01). The RGRs of the 1^st and the 2^nd group were significant higher than the 5^th and the 6^th groups (p〈0.01) and the 7^th group (p〈0.01). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 7^th group was significantlg higher than other groups. The OPG of the 7^th group (150.11×10^4) was significantly higher than the 1^st (3.05 ×10^4), the 2^nd (2.35 ×10^4), the 3^rd (32.20 ×10^4), the 4^th (62.23 ×10^4) and the 5^th group (60.45 ×10^4) (p〈0.01) after challenge. The mortality rate of 9 groups was 0, 5.0 %, 5.0 %, 15 %, 25 %, 40.0 %, 45.0 %, 95 % and 100 %, respectively. These results indicated that the Eimeria spp. strains isolated from Lanzhou are highly virulent. Chickens infected with 6 ×10^4 oocysts suffered significant suppression in growth and 50 % mortality. The best challenge dosage was 1 ×10^4-1 ×10^5(each Eimeria spp.).