中文摘要：

以华粳1号和特优559为材料,于减数分裂期,设置高温（31℃、33℃、35℃、37℃、39℃、41℃）及历期（1d、3d、5d）处理,每日高温持续时间5h（8：40—13：40）,另设自然环境对照,分析了高温及其持续期对水稻颖花相对结实率的影响。结果表明,33℃以下的温度对两供试材料的结实率无明显影响,此后随温度及持续天数的增加结实率将逐步降低;高温下日相对颖花结实率与温度的关系可用二次方程描述,而减数分裂期高温对颖花结实率的总影响为逐日相对颖花结实率的乘积。进一步结合温度日变化规律,讨论了温度日变化下日相对颖花结实率的定量方法。

英文摘要：

High temperature, especially happened at flowering stage and meiosis stage, would cause sterility of rice florets and became one of restricting factors of rice yield. With the global warming, the high temperature events will increase during crop growth process. In order to evaluate the effect of high temperature on yield quantitatively, it is important to quantify the relationship between temperature and seed-setting rate. Previous studies have focused on the above relationship during flowering stage, but litter discussed the relationship during meiosis stage. In this study a controlled experiment during meiosis stage was conducted at Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China with two cultivars, TY559 and HJI under six temperature levels （31, 33, 35, 37, 39, and 41 ℃） and three durations （1, 3, and 5 d）. High temperature lasted five hours from 8：40 to 13：40 each day, and natural environment was set as CK. The effect of high temperature on seed setting rate and the quantitative relationship between seed setting rate and temperature were analyzed. The results showed that temperature below 33 ℃ had no significant effect on seed setting rate, but with the increase of temperature and its duration the seed setting rate decreased gradually. The daily relative seed setting rate could be expressed in terms of temperature with a quadratic equation, and the total effect of high temperature during meiosis stage on relative seed setting rate could be expressed in the product of daily relative seed setting rates. Further, combining the diurnal change of temperature, the quantitative effect factor under the nature diurnal change pattern of temperature was discussed. This study provided a quantitative method for calculating the effect of high temperature at meiosis stage on seed setting rate of rice, and would help to improve high temperature-induced sterility model in rice.