中文摘要：

为了揭示扁桃抗寒机理并为其细胞学研究提供理论依据，文中以新疆野扁桃Amygdalus ledebouriana Schleche和3个栽培扁桃为研究对象，采用石蜡切片法对其越冬前的花芽解剖结构进行了观察，比较分析了野扁桃与栽培扁桃在花萼原基、花瓣原基、花药原基、雌蕊原基细胞形态上的不同。结果表明了野扁桃与3个栽培扁桃的花原基解剖结构明显不同：抗寒性强的野扁桃其花原基细胞纵径、横径均小，细胞排列紧密，细胞间隙小；而抗寒性弱的栽培扁桃其花原基细胞纵径、横径均大，细胞排列疏松，细胞间隙大。

英文摘要：

In order to reveal almond mechanism of cold resistance and provide a theoretical basis in terms of cytology researches, taking Amygdalus ledebouriana and three cultivars of A. cornmunis from Xinjiang as research objects, cell morphology differences on sepal primordium, petal primordium, anther promordium and pistil primordium in A. ledebouriana and A. communis before overwintering were observed and compared by using the paraffin sectioning method. The results show that anatomical structures of floral primordium have some significant differences between A. ledebouriana and three cultivars ofA. communis. The cellular vertical and transverse diameters of floral primordium in A. ledebouriana with stronger cold resistance are small, cells are arranged closely, and intercellular space is small, but the indexes of floral primordium in A. communis with weaker cold resistance are on the contrary.