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Spatiotemporal variability of permafrost degradation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

ISSN号：1000-0240
期刊名称：《冰川冻土》
时间：0
分类：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学;天文地球—地质矿产勘探;天文地球—地质学] X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]
作者机构：[1]State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering, CoM and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
相关基金：Acknowledgments： The research was supported by the China Key Research Project for Global Change （No. 2010CB951404）＂Changes in the Cryosphere in the Northern Hemisphere and their Impacts on Climatic Environments, and their Adaptation＂, and the China National Science Foundation （No. 40821001）＂Frozen Ground and Cold Regions Engineer- ing＂. Professor Stuart A. Harris gave many insightful and constructive comments on the manuscript. Mr. Geoffrey Gay and Mr. Anda Divine provided generous assistance in English editing. Two unidentified reviewers provided many comments for improving the quality of the paper. Their help is greatly appreciated and thus acknowledged herewith.

作者： HuiJun Jin DongLiang Luo ShaoLing Wang LanZhi Lv JiChun Wu[1]

关键词：冻土退化, 青藏高原, 时空变异, 年平均气温, 多年冻土区, 永久冻土带, 地面温度, 高原多年冻土, QTP, permafrost degradation, ground temperatures, change rates

中文摘要：

在Qinghai西藏高原( QTP )上在永久冻土区域，为永久冻土温度的长期的监视的 60 地上凿穿和浅地上凿穿从六个气象学的车站基于数据，永久冻土降级的 spatiotermporal 可变性仔细在空中在与变化的率的关系被检验，出现，并且扎根在从 1961-2010 的吝啬的年度空气温度( MAAT )的十的一般水准和增加是的 temperatures.The 在 th 期间最大、很坚持

英文摘要：

Based on data from six meteorological stations in the permafrost regions, 60 boreholes for long-term monitoring of permafrost temperatures, and 710 hand-dug pits and shallow boreholes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP）, the spatiotemporal variability of permafrost degradation was closely examined in relation to the rates of changes in air, surface, and ground temperatures. The de- cadal averages and increases in the mean annual air temperatures （MAATs） from 1961-2010 were the largest and most persistent during the last century. MAATs rose by 1.3 ℃, with an average increase rate of 0.03 ℃/yr. The average of mean annual ground surface temperatures （MAGSTs） increased by 1.3 ℃ at an average rate of 0.03 ℃/yr. The rates of changes in ground temperatures were -0.01 to 0.07 ℃/yr. The rates of changes in the depths of the permafrost table were -1 to ＋10 cm/yr. The areal extent of permafrost on the QTP shrank from about 1.50× 10^6 km^2 in 1975 to about 1.26× 10^6 km^2 in 2006. About 60% of the shrinkage in area of permafrost occurred during the period from 1996 to 2006. Due to increasing air temperature since the late 1980s, warm （〉-1 ℃） permafrost has started to degrade, and the degradation has gradually expanded to the zones of transitory （-1 to -2 ℃） and cold （〈-2 ℃） permafrost. Permafrost on the southern and southeastem plateau degrades more markedly. It is projected that the degradation of permafrost is likely to accelerate, and substantial changes in the distributive features and thermal regimes of permafrost should be anticipated. However, regarding the relationships between degrading permafrost and the degradation of rangelands, it is still too early to draw reliable conclusions due to inadequate scientific criteria and evidence.

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