中文摘要：

点击反应由于其高效、高选择性以及可靠等特点迅速成为药物、聚合物以及功能材料等合成的新方法.随着对点击反应研究的深入,其反应类型在不断增多,应用范围也在不断扩大.Diels-Alder（D-A）反应作为一种重要的点击反应,不仅具有简便高效、原料易得以及反应条件温和等优点,而且克服了叠氮/炔间Cu（I）催化的Cue-AAC反应引起的金属污染等缺点,为功能性材料的制备提供更可行的途径.从D-A反应的概念、特征和类型出发,重点介绍了它在合成制备树状分子、功能性聚合物以及表面修饰等方面的应用,并展望了它的发展前景.

英文摘要：

Click reactions have rapidly become a new method for the synthesis of drugs, polymers and functional materials because of its high efficiency, high selectivity and reliable characteristics. With the further research of click reactions, the types of them are increasing continuously and the scope of application is also expanding at a fast rate. As an important reaction of click chemistry, Diels-Alder （D-A） reaction not only has high reaction efficiency, but also overcomes the shortcoming of using toxic heavy metal in the copper（I） catalyzed Cue-AAC reaction, so it provides a possible synthetic method for functional ma- terials. Basing on the concept, characteristic and type of D-A reaction, this paper focuses upon the wide applications of D-A reaction in preparation of dendrimers, functional polymers and surface modification. Furthermore, the prospects of D-A reaction are also discussed.