中文摘要：

目的 了解北京和黑龙江地区居民应急知识和技能水平及影响因素,为采取干预措施提供参考。方法2015年9—10月,采用整群随机抽样方法,根据北京市和黑龙江省人口分布、经济等因素,选取北京市5个区和黑龙江省5个市的1 959名城乡居民进行入户现场问卷调查,运用χ2检验、logistic回归分析等统计方法进行分析。结果 北京和黑龙江两地居民应急知识和技能掌握情况由好到差依次为对事故灾难知识[（0.91±0.19）vs（0.84±0.23）],公众卫生[（0.79±0.26）vs（0.74±0.27）],自然灾害[（0.76±0.25）vs（0.63±0.30）],社会安全[（0.71±0.26）vs（0.64±0.27）],应急技能[（0.17±0.30）vs（0.08±0.21）]掌握情况最差;居民所在地、居住地类型、文化程度、突发事件经历、参加应急宣传演练经历和应急教育态度是应急知识技能水平的影响因素。结论 政府应对公众进行广泛的应急宣传演练,完善应急培训体系,有针对性地进行应急宣传培训并加强对经济不发达地区和农村的应急工作。

英文摘要：

Objective To examine the status and influencing factors of emergency knowledge and skills among citizens in Beijing municipality and Heilongjiang province and to provide references for implementing interventions. Methods We conducted a household questionnaire survey among 1 959 urban and rural residents recruited with random cluster sampling in 5 districts of Beijing city and 5 municipalities of Heilongjiang province between September and October 2016. We adopted chi-square and logistic regression in the study. Results There were differences between the residents of Beijing and Heilongjiang province in the knowledge scores for accident disaster （0. 91 ± 0. 19 vs. 0. 84 ± 0. 23 ）, public health emergency （0. 79 ± 0. 26 vs. 0.74 ± 0. 27 ） ,natural disaster （0. 76 ± 0. 25 vs. 0. 63 ± 0. 30 ）, social security （0.71±0. 26 vs. 0. 64 ±0. 27） ,and in the score for emergency management skill （0. 17 ±0. 30 vs. 0. 08 ±0. 21 ）. The levels of emergency knowledge and skills were mainly influenced by living region, residential area （urban or rural）, education, whether participating in emergency management drills, and the attitude towards emergency education program. Conclusion Government agencies should conduct more emergency management drills and education programs among the public, especially among the residents in rural areas and regions with lower economic development.