中文摘要：

目的 以合肥野生动物园长颈鹿体内分离出的毛首线虫（Trichuris）为研究对象，分析感染长颈鹿毛首线虫的形态特征并对其作分子鉴定。方法 对长颈鹿体内分离出的毛首线虫进行形态学特征分析，采用PCR扩增其内转录间隔区1（ITS-1），构建克隆载体并送测序，所获得的序列在GenBank中进行同源性分析，利用最大简约法构建系统进化树。 结果 雄虫总长35.89-58.56 mm；食道占体长比例为0.29-0.40，交合刺长1.96-3.89 mm，粗部长7.02-23.45 mm，细部长28.05-40.05 mm，与已报道的感染长颈鹿的毛首线虫呈不同程度的差异。PCR扩增片段为491 bp，包含部分18S rRNA和全长ITS-1，序列比对分析结果表明，其与野牛毛首线虫西班牙株（T. bos taurus，HE608848）、捷克狍毛首线虫（T. capreolus，JX218218）、日本瞪羚毛首线虫（T. japanese，AB367795）的同源性最高，为98.6%；与异色首线虫（T. discolor，AB367794）同源性仅为46.0%。在系统进化树上它与异色毛首线虫、绵羊毛首线虫（T. ovis）和野牛毛首线虫西班牙株等均不在同一分枝上。 结论 从长颈鹿分离的毛首线虫与已报道的毛首线虫在形态学和ITS-1基因序列上均存在明显的差异，是否为毛首线虫新种有待进一步研究。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of Trichuris sp. from giraffe in Hefei wild zoo and identify its species using molecular techniques. Methods Morphological characteristics of Trichuris collected from giraffe were analyzed. The internal transcribed spacer 1（ITS-1） was amplified by PCR and the PCR product was sequenced. The resulting sequence was homology analysis in GenBank and its heredity evolution tree was constructed by MEGA 4.0 software. Results The male worms had a body length of 35.89-58.56 mm, an esophagus to body length ration of 0.29-0.40, and a spicule length of 1.96-3.89 mm. The thick and thin proportions of body were 7.02-23.45 mm and 28.05-40.05 mm respectively. These data showed different degrees of variation with previous reports. The PCR resulted in a product of 491 bp, comprising part of 18S rRNA and full length ITS-1. Sequence alignment showed that the identified Trichuris was most homologous（98.6%） with T. bos taurus HE608848, T. capreolus JX218218, and T. japanese AB367795, but it was only 46.0% homologous with T. discolor AB367794. In the heredity evolution tree, it was not located on the same branch as T. discolor, T. ovis and T. bos taurus. Conclusions The Trichuris sp. collected from giraffe is different from previous reports in morphology and ITS-1 sequence. Further research is needed to determine if it is a new species.