中文摘要：

以稀土尾矿库周边湿地土壤作为研究对象,无污染的黄河湿地作为对照样地,在不同深度上研究了总磷、水解氮、速效钾和有机质等土壤养分含量的垂直分布特征。结果显示：整体上0~20 cm土层土壤养分含量高于底层,水解氮随着土壤深度的增加显著降低（P〈0.05）,土壤养分等级为有机质〉全磷〉水解氮〉速效钾。整个研究区域的土壤肥力普遍较低,土壤养分表现为有机质最优,全磷和水解氮次之,速效钾最差,耕作层土壤养分高于底层。研究明确了稀土尾矿库周边湿地土壤的垂直分布状况,对当地土壤生态环境保护提供参考。

英文摘要：

Comparing with the wetland of Yellow River in Baotou,a relatively unpolluted area was chosen as control plot. The concentrations of soil nutrients（organic matter,total phosphorus,hydrolytic nitrogen,and available potassium） were studied in different depths. The results showed that soil nutrients contents of top soils（0 ~ 20 cm） were higher than that in bottom layer. Especially,the nitrogen contents were significantly decreased with the increase of soil depth（P〈0. 05）. Overall,the soil nutrient level was organic matter 〉total phosphorus〉 hydrolytic nitrogen 〉available potassium. The soil fertility of the study area was generally low,and the organic matter was the best,following with the total phosphorus and hydrolytic nitrogen,and available potassium was poor. The soil fertility in tillage layer was higher than that in bottom layer. This study assessed vertical distribution feature of soil nutrient in the rare tailings surrounding wetland,and had great significance for the local soil ecological environment protection.