中文摘要：

近年来静电纺丝技术在制备纳米纤维领域得到了广泛应用，被认为是制备纳米纤维最简单有效的方法之一。通过静电纺丝法制备的纳米纤维具有长径比大、孔隙率高、比表面积大等优点，在过滤材料、生物医学、传感器以及其他特殊领域都有着良好的应用前景。主要介绍了近几年来国内外静电纺丝纤雏在过滤吸附膜、生物医学、传感器、防护应用及其他一些特殊领域中的研究现状，并展望了静电纺丝纳米纤维的发展趋势和研究方向。

英文摘要：

Electrospining technology has been widely used in the fabrication of nanofibers in recent years, which is perceived as one of the simplest and most effective methods to prepare nanofibers. Nanofibers fabricated by electrospining have many advantages, such as large aspect ratio, high porosity and high specifiC surface area, which enable nanofibers to have potential applications in the fields of filtration, biomedicine, sensors and other specific areas. Some research fields both at home and abroad as filtration, biomedicine, sensors, protection and so on are introduced. In addition, the developing trend and research direction of the electrospun nanofibers are prospected.