中文摘要：

目的为系统地探讨不同环境因素对猪苓菌丝生长发育的影响,对pH,温度,不同光照条件等环境因素影响猪苓菌丝生长、菌丝多糖含量及是否能够诱导猪苓菌核形成进行了研究。方法用改良的PDA培养基以平皿培养真菌的传统方法对猪苓在不同环境因素作用下菌丝的生长状况进行了分析,用菌落直径来判断猪苓菌丝的生长速度。以苯酚-硫酸法测定不同pH及温度条件下培养的猪苓菌丝的多糖含量。结果初始pH为8时最适于猪苓菌丝生长;同时在这一条件下成功诱导了猪苓菌核形成;25℃是猪苓生长的最适温度;光照不利于猪苓菌丝生长。不同pH值的改良PDA培养基培养的猪苓菌丝多糖含量以pH 8,pH 9和pH 10组多糖含量最高;其次是pH 5组和pH 6组;多糖含量最低的是pH 4和pH 7组。不同温度条件下培养的猪苓菌丝以5℃组多糖含量最高,其次是15℃,10℃及25℃3个组多糖含量较高,多糖含量最低的是30℃组。结论环境因子对猪苓菌丝生长发育有着重要的影响,为深入研究猪苓菌丝形成菌核的人工培养提供了参考。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE Effects of several environmental factors such as pH,temperature and light were investigated on mycelial growth,polysaccharide content of mycelia and sclerotial development of Polyporus umbellatus.METHODS Classical methods of cultivating fungi with petri dish using modified PDA agar medium were conducted to evaluate growth conditions of P.umbellatus.Colony diameter was measured to estimate the growth rate of P.umbellatus.The polysaccharide content of mycelia of P.umbellatus was detected with Phenol-Sulphate colorimetry.RESULTS The initial pH of 8 was the most suitable pH value for growth of P.umbellatus,meanwhile sclerotia of P.umbellatus was successfully induced at the same conditions.Mycelia grew best at 25 ℃ and light inhibited growth of P.umbellatus.Among the mycelia of P.umbellatus being cultured by modified PDA medium with different pH values,polysaccharide content of Group pH 8,9 and 10 was highest,followed by that of Group pH 5 and 6.Polysaccharide content of Group pH 4 and 7 was the lowest.Among the mycelia of P.umbellatus being cultured by modified PDA medium at different temperatures,polysaccharide content of Group 5 ℃ was the highest,followed by that of Group 15 ℃,10 ℃ and 25 ℃.Polysaccharide content of Group 30 ℃ was the lowest.CONCLUSION Environmental factors could greatly affect mycelial growth and sclerotial formation of P.umbellatus.This study might provide preparatory knowledge for sclerotial formation under artificial cultivation.