中文摘要：

根据国内外文献总结了海洋生态系统中主要碘形态分布及其相互转化的研究进展。溶解无机态碘的两种主要形式（碘酸根IO3及碘离子I）之间随着海水物理化学性质的改变而发生的形态转换是海洋生态学家相对最为关注的热点问题。研究者们对其反应机理开展了各自的研究，认为其中IG的还原机理包括：浮游植物生长调控、细菌活动、硫化物及光化学反应；I的氧化包括光化学途径及细菌活动等。本文还就海洋生态系统中有关碘的深入研究提出了展望。

英文摘要：

The interconversions between predominant iodine species mainly include iodate reduction and iodide oxidation. The biotic and abiotic pathways of these two processes is systematically reviewed in this paper. While phytoplankton growth, bacterial activity, sulfide and photochemical reaction are involved in iodate reduction, only photochemical reaction and bacterial activity are found to be responsible for iodide oxidation so far. Finally, several aspects are proposed for further researches.