中文摘要：

登革热/登革出血热（DF/DHF）是热带地区最重要的蚊传播病毒性疾病,造成了非常严重的世界公共卫生问题。理解机体天然免疫应答对登革病毒感染的影响有重要意义。病毒入侵宿主细胞是感染过程的第一阶段,也是关键性的阶段,其过程所涉及的细胞蛋白鉴定与机制大部分仍然未知。间质性树突细胞（DCs）是登革病毒感染的靶细胞,也是机体天然免疫防御抗登革病毒入侵的第一道防线。在病毒感染早期,NK细胞分泌的Ⅰ型干扰素（IFN）非常重要。机体内有两个应答登革病毒感染的天然免疫通道,其中一个信号通道利用Toll样受体（TLR）家族成员,探测经细胞内吞作用进入的内涵体病毒,通过信号蛋白诱导IFN产生,并最终活化NF-κB、IRF7、IRF5等转录因子,另一个抗病毒通道则以维甲酸诱导基因I（RIG-I）作为细胞内识别病毒dsRNA的受体。但RNAi天然免疫通道在人类是否存在还有待进一步研究。

英文摘要：

Dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever （DF/DHF） has emerged as the most important mosquito-borne viral diseases in tropical areas. DF/DHF is one of the problems which severely threaten public-heahh world-wide. To understand innate immune response of the body to pathogens is of significant significance in controlling dengue virus infection. The invasion of the virus to the host cell is the first and critical stage in the infectious process and the mechanism and identity of cellular proteins involved in this process remain largely unknown. Interstitial dendritic cells （DCs） are target cells for DF and also believed to constitute the first line of the innate host defense against invasion of dengue viruses. There are two innate immune pathways that activate the host innate immunity against viral infection. One of the pathways utilizes members of the Toll-like receptor （TLR） family to detect viruses that enter the endosome through endocytosis and induce production of interferon （IFN） by signal protein, and finally activates translation factors such as NF-K B, interferon regulatory factor （IRF） 7 and IRF5. The other antiviral pathway involves the RNA helicase RIG-I as the receptor for intracellular viral double-stranded RNA （dsRNA）. The closely related microRNA （miRNA） and RNAi pathways have emerged as important regulators of virus-host cell interactions.