中文摘要：

男性气质是和女性气质相对或平行的、具有一定可塑性的人格特质,是个体内化了的、关于男性应展现出的、符合男性气质意识形态的构念,维系着自我概念和行为的一致性。男性气质的形成依赖于性别自我认同、社会认同和文化认同。固执地遵从特定社会化的男性气质意识规范会影响男性的心理健康。对男性气质的理论基础、研究取向：意识形态取向、社会建构取向和认同取向,以及相关研究领域进行了系统阐述。未来研究应改进测量工具,更新研究设计,细化研究领域,发展男性气质多元化实践以及男性气质的跨文化研究。

英文摘要：

Masculinity refers to a personality trait which is opposite or parallel to femininity with a certain degree of plasticity. It is a construct internalized by individuals about what men should behave so as to be consistent with masculinity ideology, which maintains the consistency of self-concept and behavior. The forming process of masculinity depends on gender self-identitity, social identification and cultural identification. Stubbornly conforming to the masculine ideology norms in certain society will have positive or negative effect on male＇s mental health. This paper systematically reviews the theoretical foundation, research perspectives （ideology, social construction and identity） as well as the related fields in the research of masculinity. Future studies should update the measurements and research methods, refine research fields and explore the cross-cultural masculinities from the point of diversifications.