中文摘要：

研究了上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）反应器中厌氧氨氧化工艺的脱氮性能。接种体积比为1：1的已驯化半年的厌氧氨氧化污泥混培物和城市污水处理厂回流污泥，采用提高基质浓度和缩短水力停留时间（HRT）2种方式提高UASB反应器的脱氮性能。结果发现，2种方式结合可在UASB反应器中获得较高的脱氮速率，经过280d后，最高总氮去除速率达到5．16kg／（m^3·d）。缩短HRT并未对UASB反应器的脱氮效果产生不良影响，反而强化了脱氮性能。HRT由0．4d缩短至0．2d时，总氮去除速率由1．89kg／（m^3·d）增加到3．66kg／（m^3·d）。形成的颗粒污泥中的细菌的细胞形态不规则，内部有厌氧氨氧化体，为典型厌氧氨氧化菌结构特征。污泥的比基质转化速率为3．15kg／（kg·d）。经16SrDNA检测，污泥中的厌氧氨氧化菌属于“Candidatus Kuenenia”属。

英文摘要：

Performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation in UASB reactor was researched in this paper. The reactor was inoculated with anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing sludge which was enriched for half year and circulated activated sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant in volume ratio 1 ： 1. Nitrogen removal rate was elevated with two methods; increasing substrate concentrations and shortening hydraulic retention time （HRT）. The results indicated that combination of these two methods was an efficient way to obtain high nitrogen removal rate, and the highest nitrogen removal rate reached 5.16 kg/（m^3 · d） after 280 d. Shortening HRT did not have negative effects on nitrogen removal. The nitrogen removal rate was increased from 1.89 kg/（m^3 · d） to 3.66 kg/（m^3 · d） when HRT was decreased from 0.4 d to 0.2 d. Bacteria in formed granules have classic anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria morphology. They are irregular in shape and have anammoxosome inside. The specific substrate conversion rate of the sludge was 3.15 kg/（kg ·d）. The anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the sludge were identified as genus ＂Candidatus Kuenenia＂ with 16S rDNA analysis.